Carbon sources for the production of Power-to-X and synthetic fuels in South Africa
South Africa's energy and industrial sectors are the main contributors to the country's greenhouse gas emissions, with coal-fired power plants and heavy industries such as iron and steel, cement and petrochemicals being the largest emitters. The executive summary briefly discusses these sectors as potential carbon dioxide (CO2) point sources in South Africa and assesses the technical feasibility of carbon capture (CC) technologies to capture CO2 from these industries. The publication thus contributes to analysing the South African potential for the production of Power-to-X (PtX) products and their use for domestic demand and export.
The overall methodological approach of the study follows a demand and supply analysis:
- Demand for CO2 as a feedstock for PtX products is quantified through the estimation of the domestic demand for PtX products in South Africa, based on relevant national planning documents, and also potential demand by foreign markets (EU, ICAO, IMO), focusing on set targets and sustainability requirements.
- Supply of CO2 as a feedstock for PtX products is determined on the basis of the estimation of the available CO2 that could be potentially captured, considering mostly the industrial point sources in the country. The potential expected quantities of CO2 from the power, petrochemical, cement and steel sectors in South Africa are analysed and estimated, considering the announced plans for the development of the sectors towards 2030 and 2050.
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